Elsevier

Sleep Medicine

Volume 44, April 2018, Pages 12-18
Sleep Medicine

Original Article
Comprehensive assessment of the impact of life habits on sleep disturbance, chronotype, and daytime sleepiness among high-school students

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2017.10.011Get rights and content
Under a Creative Commons license
open access

Highlights

  • Each type of sleep problem has its own associated life habit factors.

  • Sleep disturbance was associated with electronic display use, caffeine intake, and wakeup time.

  • Daytime sleepiness was associated with irregular dinnertime and electronic display use.

  • Chronotype was associated with electronic display use and brightness of the room at night.

  • Each life habit had a different odds ratio for each sleep problem.

Abstract

Objective

Sleep affects adolescents in various ways. However, the effects of multiple factors on sleep hygiene remain unclear. A comprehensive assessment of the effects of life habits on sleep in high-school students was conducted.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey of 344 high school students (age range 15–17; 171 boys, 173 girls) in Tokyo, Japan was conducted in 2015. Complete responses were provided by 294 students. Demographic variables, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), diurnal type scale, Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS), and life habits such as dinnertime, viewing electronic displays, caffeine intake, sunlight in the morning, and the brightness of the room in the night were asked.

Results

The mean scores were PSQI: 5.9 (±2.3), PDSS: 19.0 (±5.8), and the diurnal type scale: 16.7 (±3.4). Using an electronic display in bed (OR = 3.01; (95%CI) 1.24–7.30), caffeine intake at night always (OR = 2.22; 1.01–4.90), and waking up before dawn (OR = 3.25; 1.34–7.88) were significantly associated with sleep disturbance. Irregular timing of the evening meal (OR = 2.06; 1.10–3.84) and display viewing within 2 h before bedtime (OR = 2.50; 1.01–6.18) or in bed (OR = 3.60; 1.41–9.21) were significantly associated with excessive daytime sleepiness. Using an electronic display within 2 h before bedtime (OR = 2.64; 1.10–6.38) or in bed (OR = 3.50; 1.40–8.76) and a living room which is bright at night (OR = 1.89; 1.06–3.36) were significantly associated with eveningness.

Conclusion

Each type of sleep-related problem had its own associated life habit factors.

Keywords

Sleep disturbance
Sleep hygiene
Life habits
Lifestyle
Daytime sleepiness
Chronotype

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