Sleep-disordered breathing symptoms frequency and growth among prematurely born infants

Montgomery-Downs, Hawley E.; Young, Marion E.; Ross, Miriam A.; Polak, Mark J.; Ritchie, Susan K.; Lynch, Susan K.

doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2009.06.007

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Volume 11, Issue 3 , Pages 263-267, March 2010

Sleep-disordered breathing symptoms frequency and growth among prematurely born infants

Hawley E. Montgomery-Downs
- West Virginia University, Department of Psychology, 53 Campus Drive, P.O. Box 6040, Morgantown, WV 26506-6040, USA
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 304 293 2001x610; fax: +1 304 293 6606.
Marion E. Young
- West Virginia University, Department of Psychology, 53 Campus Drive, P.O. Box 6040, Morgantown, WV 26506-6040, USA
Miriam A. Ross
- West Virginia University, Department of Psychology, 53 Campus Drive, P.O. Box 6040, Morgantown, WV 26506-6040, USA
- Present address: University of Kentucky, School of Nursing, Lexington, KY, USA.
Mark J. Polak
- West Virginia University, Department of Pediatrics, 4626A Health Science Center North, P.O. Box 9214, Morgantown, WV 26506-9214, USA
Susan K. Ritchie
- West Virginia University, Department of Pediatrics, 4626A Health Science Center North, P.O. Box 9214, Morgantown, WV 26506-9214, USA
Susan K. Lynch
- West Virginia University, Department of Pediatrics, 4626A Health Science Center North, P.O. Box 9214, Morgantown, WV 26506-9214, USA

Received 21 July 2008; received in revised form 15 June 2009; accepted 25 June 2009.

Abstract

Background

Children who were born prematurely are at higher risk for sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) compared to their same-age peers who were born fullterm.

Objective

The objective of the present study was to assess the frequency of SDB symptoms and effects on growth among preterm infants while they are still infants, with a goal of identifying risk factors to facilitate prevention and early intervention.

Methods

The Louisville pediatric SDB risk survey was administered to the primary caretakers of prematurely born infants attending the Neonatal Follow-Up Clinic at West Virginia University Children’s Hospital.

Results

Participation was 100% among 173 consecutive patients invited to participate in the study. At 9.13months corrected age, 8.1% of infants born at a mean of 31.6weeks gestation were reported to snore ⩾3days/week, a rate consistent with diagnosis of sleep-disordered breathing among older children. A composite of nine parent-reported symptoms was created based on factor analysis. Birth weight and size for gestational age at birth did not differ between snoring groups or correlate with the composite score. But a significant negative correlation between the composite risk for SDB score and current weight for adjusted age percentile score indicate that infants with higher SDB symptom profiles have lower weight for age (r=−.18, p=.028).

Conclusions

SDB symptoms are detectable among infants born preterm, while they are still infants. Because of their preferential risk for SDB and its somatic consequences, a primary research goal should be description of the natural history of SDB and identification of modifiable risk factors and treatment options.

Keywords: Sleep, Sleep-disordered breathing, Snoring, Premature Infant, Growth, Development