Sleep Medicine
Volume 11, Issue 1 , Pages 69-74 , January 2010

Association of insomnia severity and comorbid medical and psychiatric disorders in a health plan-based sample: Insomnia severity and comorbidities

  • Khaled Sarsour

      Affiliations

    • Global Health Outcomes, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Research Laboratories, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +1 317 2762641; fax: +1 317 433 2997.
  • ,
  • Charles M. Morin

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychology, Laval University, Que., Canada
  • ,
  • Kathleen Foley

      Affiliations

    • Thomson Reuters, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
  • ,
  • Anupama Kalsekar

      Affiliations

    • Global Health Outcomes, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Research Laboratories, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
  • ,
  • James K. Walsh

      Affiliations

    • Sleep Medicine and Research Center, Chesterfield, MO, USA

Received 1 December 2008 ,Revised 26 February 2009 ,Accepted 27 February 2009.

References 

  1. Becker PM. Insomnia: prevalence, impact, pathogensis, differential diagnosis, and evaluation. Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2006;29:855–870
  2. Roth T. Challenges in the comorbid condition. Sleep Med. 2007;8(Suppl. 4):S1–S2
  3. Taylor DJ, Mallory LJ, Lichstein KL, Durrence HH, Riedel BW, Bush AJ. Comorbidity of chronic insomnia with medical problems. Sleep. 2007;30:213–218
  4. Ringdahl EN, Pereira SL, Delzell JE. Treatment of primary insomnia. JABFP. 2004;17:212–219
  5. Thase ME. Correlates and consequences of chronic insomnia. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2005;27:100–112
  6. Ford DE, Kamerow DB. Epidemiologic study of sleep disturbances and psychiatric disorders: an opportunity for prevention?. J Am Med Assoc. 1989;262:1479–1484
  7. Breslau N, Roth T, Rosenthal T, Andreski P. Sleep disturbance and psychiatric disorders: a longitudinal epidemiological study of young adults. Biol Psychiatry. 1996;39:411–418
  8. Lustberg L, Reynolds CF. Depression and insomnia: questions of cause and effect. Sleep Med Rev. 2000;4:253–262
  9. Bélanger L, Morin CM, Langlois F, Ladouceur R. Insomnia and generalized anxiety disorder: effects of cognitive behavior therapy for gad on insomnia symptoms. Anxiety Disord. 2004;18:561–571
  10. Roth T, Drake C. Evolution of insomnia: current status and future direction. Sleep Med. 2004;5(Suppl. 1):S23–S30
  11. Johnson EO, Roth T, Breslau N. The association of insomnia with anxiety disorders and depression: exploration of the direction of risk. J Psychiatr Res. 2006;40:700–708
  12. Riemann D. Insomnia and comorbid psychiatric disorders. Sleep Med. 2007;8(Suppl. 4):S15–S20
  13. NIH State-of-the-Science Conference Statement on Manifestations and Management of Chronic Insomnia in Adults. NIH Consens Sci Statements 2005; 22: 1–30.
  14. Katz DA, McHorney CA. Clinical correlates of insomnia in patients with chronic illness. Arch Intern Med. 1998;158:1099–1107
  15. Ancoli-Israel S. The impact and prevalence of chronic insomnia and other sleep disturbances associated with chronic illness. Am J Manag Care. 2006;12(8 Suppl.):S221–S229
  16. Bastien CH, Vallières A, Morin CM. Validation of the insomnia severity index as an outcome measure for insomnia research. Sleep Med. 2001;2:297–307
  17. Mendelson WB, Roth T, Cassella J, Roehrs T, Walsh JK, Woods JH, et al. The treatment of chronic insomnia: drug indications, chronic use and abuse liability. Summary of a 2001 new clinical drug evaluation unit meeting symposium. Sleep Med Rev. 2004;8:7–17
  18. Benca R. Diagnosis and treatment of chronic insomnia: a review. Psychiatr Serv. 2005;56:332–343
  19. Rodenbeck A, Cohrs S, Jordan W, et al. The sleep-improving effects of doxepin are paralleled by a normalized plasma cortisol secretion in primary insomnia. A placebo-controlled double-blind, randomized, cross-over study followed by an open treatment over 3 weeks. Psychopharmacology (Berl.). 2003;179(4):423–428
  20. Hajak G, Rodenbeck A, Adler L, et al. Nocturnal melatonin secretion and sleep after doxepin administration in chronic primary insomnia. Pharmacopsychiatry. 1996;29(5):187–192
  21. Hajak G, Rodenbeck A, Voderholzer U, et al. Doxepin in the treatment of primary insomnia: a placebo-controlled, double-blind, polysomnographic study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2001;62(6):453–463
  22. Von Korff M, Wagner EH, Saunders K. A chronic disease score from automated pharmacy data. J Clin Epidemiol. 1992;45:197–203
  23. Clark DO, Von Korff M, Saunders K, Baluch WM, Simon GE. A chronic disease score with empirically derived weights. Med Care. 1995;33:783–795
  24. Johnson RE, Hornbrook MC, Nichols GA. Replicating the chronic disease score (CDS) from automated pharmacy data. J Clin Epidemiol. 1994;47(10):1191–1199
  25. Putnam KG, Buist DS, Fishman P, Andrade SE, Boles M, Chase GA, et al. Chronic disease score as a predictor of hospitalization. Epidemiology. 2002;13(3):340–346
  26. Ashcraft ML, Fries BE, Nerenz DR, Falcon SP, Srivastava SV, Lee CZ, et al. A psychiatric patient classification system. An alternative to diagnosis-related groups. Med Care. 1989;27(5):543–557
  27. Whooley ML, Avins A, Miranda J, Browner W. Case-finding instruments for depression, two questions are as good as many. J Gen Intern Med. 1997;12(7):439–445

PII: S1389-9457(09)00062-8

doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2009.02.008

Sleep Medicine
Volume 11, Issue 1 , Pages 69-74 , January 2010