Sleep Medicine
Volume 10, Issue 4 , Pages 479-489, April 2009

Sleep patterns among rural Chinese twin adolescents☆

  • Fengxiu Ouyang

      Affiliations

    • Mary Ann and J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research Program, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Children’s Memorial Hospital and Children’s Memorial Research Center, 2300 Children’s Plaza, Box 157, Chicago, IL 60614-3394, USA
    • ,
  • Brandon S. Lu

      Affiliations

    • Department of Neurology and Sleep Medicine Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
    • ,
  • Binyan Wang

      Affiliations

    • Mary Ann and J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research Program, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Children’s Memorial Hospital and Children’s Memorial Research Center, 2300 Children’s Plaza, Box 157, Chicago, IL 60614-3394, USA
    • ,
  • Jianhua Yang

      Affiliations

    • Institute for Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
    • ,
  • Zhiping Li

      Affiliations

    • Institute for Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
    • ,
  • Liuliu Wang

      Affiliations

    • Institute for Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
    • ,
  • Genfu Tang

      Affiliations

    • Institute for Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
    • ,
  • Houxun Xing

      Affiliations

    • Institute for Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
    • ,
  • Xiping Xu

      Affiliations

    • Center for Population Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago School of Public Health, Chicago, IL, USA
    • ,
  • Ronald D. Chervin

      Affiliations

    • Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
    • ,
  • Phyllis C. Zee

      Affiliations

    • Department of Neurology and Sleep Medicine Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
    • ,
  • Xiaobin Wang

      Affiliations

    • Mary Ann and J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research Program, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Children’s Memorial Hospital and Children’s Memorial Research Center, 2300 Children’s Plaza, Box 157, Chicago, IL 60614-3394, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +1 312 573 7738/7755; fax: +1 312 573 7825.

Received 20 September 2007; received in revised form 31 March 2008; accepted 6 April 2008.

Abstract 

Objective

To examine sleep patterns and influencing factors (age, gender, Tanner Stage, weekday vs. weekend, and pre-sleep activity) among rural Chinese adolescents.

Methods

This is a prospective study among 621 adolescents aged 11–20 years (341 males) using both a questionnaire and sleep diary to obtain bedtime, wake-up time, sleep latency, and total sleep time (TST).

Results

The median TST was 8.6h on weekdays and 9.4h on weekends. Despite absence of late night social pressure and computers, a U-shaped TST pattern was observed across age and Tanner Stage, with a nadir around age 15–16 years or Tanner IV. Bedtimes became progressively later with age and Tanner Stage, while wake-up time was considerably earlier for school students or up to Tanner IV. Later wake-up times and longer TST on weekends were seen in school students, but not in non-school adolescents (>17 years). Pre-sleep activity, like reading or studying, was related to later bedtime, earlier wake-up time, and shorter TST in both genders.

Conclusions

Age, Tanner Stage, and pre-sleep activity affected sleep patterns in this sample of rural Chinese adolescents. Later bedtime coupled with earlier wake-up time associated with academic demand appear to be important contributors to sleep loss among school students.

Keywords: Age, Gender, Puberty, Tanner Stages, Sleep patterns, Wake-up time, Bedtime, Total sleep time

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☆ This study is supported in part by Grant R01 HD049059 from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; R01 HL0864619 and 5T32HL007909-08 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; and R01 AG032227 from the National Institute on Aging.

PII: S1389-9457(08)00147-0

doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2008.04.011

Sleep Medicine
Volume 10, Issue 4 , Pages 479-489, April 2009

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